Science study guide

Bones Unit Exam Study Guide 2015

 

 

Students also have a packet of bones that is used as a study guide.

Students should be able to:

 

• Label 20 bones of the human body. (word bank will be provided)
• Identify the number of bones in an adult human body. (206).
• Name the three functions of the skeleton as form, protection and movement.
• Name the largest, longest bone in the body as the femur.
• Describe how bones are made up of four layers: “bone skin”, compact bone, spongy bone and bone marrow.
• Explain the reasons how we know that bone is a living thing. They heal themselves. They grow. They make blood.
• Name the five types of joints and be able to label them on the skeleton.
  • Hinge joint- Opens and closed only. (fingers, toes, knees and elbows)
  • Pivot joint- swivel- up and down and back and forth. (wrists, elbows and neck)
  • Ball and socket- can move in any directions (shoulders and hips)
  • Gliding joint-  bones must move together- (spine)
  • Locked joint- anywhere two bones have grown together and will never come apart. (Skull)
• Define
  • ligaments as tissue that connects bone to bone
  • Tendons as tissue that connects muscle to bone
  • Cartilage as the tissue that is known as soft bone like that in our nose and ears. Also, as the jelly like substance found in between bones which reduces friction.
  • Joints are where two bones meet.