Muscles and Bone Assessment Study Guide

Muscles and Bones Unit Exam Study Guide

 

 

Students also have a packet of bones that is used as a study guide.

Students should be able to:

 

• Label 20 bones of the human body. (word bank will be provided)
• Identify the number of bones in an adult human body. (206).
• Name the three functions of the skeleton as form, protection and movement.
• Name the largest, longest bone in the body as the femur.
• Describe how bones are made up of four layers: “bone skin”, compact bone, spongy bone and bone marrow.
• Explain the reasons how we know that bone is a living thing. They heal themselves. They grow. They make blood.
• Name the five types of joints and be able to label them on the skeleton.
• Hinge joint- Opens and closed only. (fingers, toes, knees and elbows)
• Pivot joint- swivel- up and down and back and forth. (wrists, elbows and neck)
• Ball and socket- can move in any directions (shoulders and hips)
• Gliding joint-  bones must move together- (spine)
• Locked joint- anywhere two bones have grown together and will never come apart. (Skull)
• Identify the largest muscle in your body as the gluteus maximus.
• Name the three types of muscles as voluntary, involuntary and cardiac. They will also need to give examples of how each is used. Voluntary muscles are muscles that we can control such as kicking a ball or writing a letter. Involuntary muscles are muscles that we do not control such as our brain functioning, our lungs breathing, our digestive system working. Our cardiac muscle is our heart.
• Define
• ligaments as tissue that connects bone to bone
• Tendons as tissue that connects muscle to bone
• Cartilage as the tissue that is known as soft bone like that in our nose and ears. Also, as the jelly like substance found in between bones which reduces friction.
• Joints are where two bones meet.